To find how many marbles John had before playing, he had 9 marbles based on the equation formed from the scenario. The evolution of numeration systems began with tally marks and advanced through systems like the Egyptian numeral system and the Babylonian base-60 system. These historic numeration methods illustrate humanity's mathematical advancement over time.
;
To find out how many marbles John had before playing, we set up the equation 2x + 3 = 21, leading to x = 9. Historically, numeration systems evolved from tally marks to more complex systems like the Babylonian base-60 system. This evolution reflects humanity's progression in mathematics. ;