Which of the following situations is most likely to cause crop failure even if fertilizers and water are adequately supplied?
(1) Use of genetically modified seeds
(2) Continuous cropping without fallow period
(3) Use of natural manures
(4) Proper seed treatment before sowing
Answer (2)
Continuous cropping without a fallow period is the situation most likely to cause crop failure, even with sufficient water and fertilizers. This practice depletes soil nutrients and increases susceptibility to pests and diseases. In contrast, genetically modified seeds, natural manures, and proper seed treatment generally promote healthy crop growth.
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The correct choice for the situation most likely to cause crop failure, even if fertilizers and water are adequately supplied, is (2) Continuous cropping without fallow period .
Here's why this is likely to lead to crop failure:
Nutrient Depletion : Continuous cropping without allowing the land to rest, or a fallow period, can deplete essential nutrients from the soil. Crops absorb nutrients from the soil to grow, and without a period of rest or crop rotation, these nutrients are continuously extracted without being replenished adequately, even with fertilizers.
Soil Structure Degradation : Over time, continuous cropping can also lead to the degradation of soil structure. The soil may become compacted, which reduces aeration and water infiltration, making it more difficult for plants to grow properly.
Increased Pest and Disease Pressure : Without rotation and fallow periods, pests and diseases specific to the crop being planted can build up over time, increasing the likelihood of an outbreak that could lead to crop failure.
Loss of Soil Organic Matter : The organic matter in the soil can decrease because it is not being replenished through natural processes. This organic matter is vital for soil health, aiding in moisture retention and nutrient cycling.
Having the right agricultural practices, such as allowing fields to lie fallow, rotating crops, or using cover crops, can prevent such negative effects and promote sustainable crop production.
